Engineering thermal science includes thermodynamics and heat transfer. Thermodynamic analyses consider only systems in equilibrium. The role of heat transfer is to supplement thermodynamics with ...

Trapped air prevents heat loss by conduction and convection. Radiation is the transfer of heat energy from a region of high temperature to a region of low temperature by infrared radiation.

Heat exchangers are used to transfer heat energy from one fluid to another in order to control the temperature of a system or substance. Heat exchangers contain two streams of fluid, one hot and one ...